Peterson’s research explores the increasingly nuanced and often multilateral processes connecting international economics to global politics; the determinants and consequences of US foreign policy, with an emphasis on the use of economic sanctions and foreign aid; and the consequence of variation in democratic institutions for a variety of political outcomes. Current research includes a series of projects exploring how the relevant context of US sanctions motivates proactive third-party compliance with US foreign policy goals such as counterterrorism, human rights promotion, anti-narcotics trafficking, and nuclear non-proliferation; and several studies demonstrating how democratic institutions with a more popular-inclusive design increase societal welfare across political, economic, and social dimensions. His work has been published in journals including International Studies Quarterly, British Journal of Political Science, Journal of Conflict Resolution, and Journal of Peace Research. His first book, Intra-industry Trade: Cooperation and Conflict in the Global Political Economy (with Cameron Thies) was published by Stanford University Press.