Sibo Chen

Research Overview

My research investigates the structure, composition, evolution, and dynamics of planetary interiors by studying minerals at high pressures and temperatures. Using experimental techniques such as the multi-anvil press, laser-heated diamond anvil cell, and dynamic compression, I investigate how pressure, temperature, and composition affect mineral properties like phase relations, element partitioning, elasticity, and electrical conductivity. By integrating these experimental results with geophysical and astronomical observations, I aim to constrain models of planetary interiors and their evolutionary processes.

Earth’s Interior

Using multi-anvil presses combined with ultrasonic interferometry and synchrotron X-rays, I investigated the sound velocities of mantle minerals at high pressure and temperature. These data provide constraints for interpreting seismic observations of subducted slabs and mantle plumes. Additionally, I studied the electrical conductivity of mantle minerals and fluids under high-pressure conditions. This research provides insights into tracking elements like potassium and hydrogen within the Earth, helping to explain processes like dehydration in subducting tectonic plates.

Planetary Interiors Beyond Earth

Using the laser-heated diamond anvil cell, I am investigating how key elements like hydrogen and potassium behave at planetary boundaries to clarify their role on planetary evolution and core formation. Using dynamic compression methods, I am studying iron-sulfur systems relevant to the cores of Earth and super-Earths. Another component of my current work involves developing novel analytical methods, particularly vibrational electron energy loss spectroscopy (vibEELS), to achieve nanoscale insights into the distribution and state of hydrogen in high-pressure materials.

Future Research Directions

Looking ahead, my future research will center on understanding the physical and chemical properties of minerals using FORCE’s high-pressure facilities. One primary focus involves advancing experimental capabilities in FORCE’s Ichiban and Jasmin presses to measure sound velocity and electrical conductivity at high pressures, particularly for hydrous minerals. This research is crucial for obtaining the elasticity and electrical conductivity data needed to interpret geophysical observations related to hydrogen distribution and cycling within planets. Additionally, I plan to establish a comprehensive workflow for vibrational electron energy loss spectroscopy. This technique offers non-destructive, nanometer-scale analysis, enabling study of hydrogen content, structure, and phase identification. Further research directions include investigating light element partitioning during core formation using FORCE's Ichiban and Jasmin presses, and developing methods using FORCE's Ichiban, Jasmin, and Twister apparatus for synthesizing large volumes of high-pressure phases.